What is a varicocele?
A varicocele is a collection of enlarged (dilated) veins (blood vessels) in the scrotum. These dilated veins which drain the testicle are often referred to as a bag of worms. Varicoceles usually occur just above the testicles, generally more common on the left side, but can occur on both sides.
Why do Varicoceles develop?
A varicocele develops because of defective valves that are present in the small veins that drain the blood away from the testes. The defective/damaged valves allow for blood to flow back into the testes and lead to engorgement of the veins. Normally the function of these valves is to prevent the blood from flowing backwards. Over time, blood engorgement is progressive and leads to formation of a varicocele. Defective valves are the most common cause of Varicoceles in most young males. Why defective valves occur in anyone’s guess. They do not occur because of excess sex and bear no relation to sexually transmitted disease.
Sometimes, a varicocele may develop if there is a blockage of larger veins in the kidney and this may cause blockage of smaller veins in the testis. This is more common in older men and the cause is usually a cancer.
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